PRISM Mentors

The Sherlock lab uses experimental approaches to understand the evolutionary process, specifically interested in i) what's the rate of beneficial mutation, ii) what is the distribution of fitness effects of beneficial mutations, iii) what are the identities of beneficial mutations (and are they gain or loss of function, are they recessive, dominant or overdominant, are the genic or regulatory?) and iv) how do each of these change as a function of genotype, ploidy and environment. We are also interested in how mutations that are beneficial in one environment fare in others, to explore the trade-offs that inevitably occur when fitness increases in a specific environment, and we are interested in exploring at what level experimental evolution can be deterministic, and at what level it is stochastic. We typically use short-term continuous (chemostat) and serial batch culture experiments in conjunction with lineage tracking and high throughput sequencing to understand the adaptive changes that occur in yeast in response to selective pressures as they evolve in vitro.

Our laboratory develops and applies state of the art genetic, genomic and stem cell technologies to its research programs. These methodologies are used to discover the mechanisms mediating disease susceptibility and drug response, and to develop new therapies. As one example, we developed a novel computational genetic analysis method, which has identified genetic factors affecting disease susceptibility and biomedical responses in mouse models. Over 25 genetic factors affecting susceptibility to drug addiction, chronic pain, infectious diseases, and others have already been identified. We recently developed a novel AI for mosue genetic discovery and have received two NIH grants for advancing AI-based genetic discovery. 

The FUNR Lab, lead by Flora Rutaganira uses choanoflagellates—the closest living single-celled relatives to animals—to study the origin of animal cell communication. We apply chemical, genetic, and cell biological tools to probe choanoflagellate cell-cell communication. We hope that our research has implications for understanding not only animal cell signaling, but also the origin of multicellularity in animals.

The Health Equity Advancement through Research and Technology (HEART) Lab, led by Dr. Fatima Rodriguez, aims to develop innovative approaches to understanding and eliminating cardiovascular disease health disparities across diverse and understudied populations. Prior and current projects seek to identify the source of inequities in cardiovascular disease by race, ethnicity, language, sex, age, and more. We have documented extensive barriers to guideline adherence to cardiovascular prevention recommendations and how these result in adverse clinical outcomes. Several projects also center around Hispanic cardiovascular health and prevention. We have published work highlighting the importance of disaggregation of Hispanic individuals by background, acculturation, and socioeconomic factors. We are also interested in using novel AI/machine learning approaches in the electronic health record to improve cardiovascular risk prediction and treatment for understudied populations, including historically marginalized racial/ethnic patient groups and older adults. Other areas of focus include promoting digital health equity by studying telemedicine access and utilization, especially after the expansion of virtual care following the COVID-19 pandemic. Our research also explores reasons and solutions to increase workforce diversity in cardiovascular medicine and representation of diverse groups in guideline-informing clinical trials.

We are interested in fundamental aspects of cell-cell recognition, migration and development with the mammalian immune and vascular systems as  models. We use molecular, genetic and single cell transcriptomic and mass cytometric approaches to study  the development and trafficking of  lymphocytes, NK cells and dendritic cells and their role in immune function in health and diseases. 
 
The vascular endothelium controls immune cell recruitment from the blood,  and thus determines the nature and magnitude of immune and inflammatory responses.     In a major new effort, we are applying single cell approaches (scRNAseq and mass cytometry), and novel computational approaches to probe endothelial cell specialization and responses in models of immune and tumor angiogenesis and inflammation.  
 
Although our focus is on fundamental problems in biology, the work is intrinsically translational and the laboratory is interested in applying its  discoveries to models of infection and immune pathology: examples include genetic studies of GPCR's and assessment of novel therapeutics in models of inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, cancer, aging and infection.
 
We are actively recruiting fellows with experience in biocomputation and coding who can take advantage of the datasets we are generating;   or experience in vascular biology, immunology,  imaging and cytometry.

Our research investigates how environmental changes like climate and land use change are affecting infectious diseases in humans and wildlife. We use tools from disease ecology, including mathematical and statistical models, health surveillance data, remotely sensed data, laboratory experiments, and field surveys to better understand the mechanisms by which changes in temperature and habitat affect vectors and disease transmission. 

The Pop Lab is a research group led by Prof. Eric Pop in Electrical Engineering (EE) and Materials Science & Engineering (MSE) at Stanford University. We are located in the Paul Allen Center for Integrated Systems (CIS), working in the Stanford Nanofabrication Facility (SNF) and the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities (SNSF). We are affiliated with the Stanford SystemX Alliance and the Non-Volatile Memory Technology Research Initiative (NMTRI).

Our research is at the intersection of nanoelectronics and nanoscale energy conversion, exploring topics such as:

• Energy-efficient transistors, data storage (memory), and thermoelectrics
• 2D materials (graphene, h-BN, MoS2, WSe2,...) and phase-change materials (GST, VO2)
• Fundamental physical limits of current and heat flow, e.g. ballistic electrons and phonons
• Applications of nanoscale energy transport, conversion and harvesting

Our work includes nanofabrication, characterization, and multiscale simulations. On-campus collaborations include Materials Science, Physics, Chemical and Mechanical Engineering, and off-campus they range from UIUC, UC Davis, Georgia Tech, UT Dallas, Univ. of Tokyo and Singapore (NUS), to TU Wien, Univ. Bologna and Poli Milano.

To learn more about us, please visit http://poplab.stanford.edu

Our laboratory is developing tools to study genetic variants commonly found in Asians within the basic science laboratory including CRISPR mouse models, drug development/design, and protein chemistry. Most of our laboratory uses basic science techniques to study the cardiovascular system and we are funded through the NIH from NIGMS and NHLBI. Our NIGMS funded project focuses on genetic variants in Asians and developing precision medicine strategies for reducing perioperative organ injury and precision medicine strategies for delivering anesthesia and pain relievers such as opioids. Our NHLBI funded project is to study the cardiopulmonary effects of e-cigarettes in rodents and to further determine how a common genetic variant in East Asians may impact the cellular toxicity of e-cigarettes.

We are an interdisciplinary team focusing on generating new biomaterials to tackle healthcare challenges of critical importance to society. We are using these new biomaterials as sustained delivery technologies that can act as tools to better understand fundamental biological processes and to engineer next-generation healthcare solutions.

The Yeh Lab studies the apicoplast, a unique plastid organelle in Plasmodium falciparum parasites that cause malaria. We are particularly focused on unbiased chemical and genetic screens to discover new cell biology and therapeutic targets for this important global health disease. Our work highlights the untapped opportunities in exploring divergent biology in non-model organisms, a theme we plan to expand in the lab by studying ocean algae (malaria's cousins!) and their role in the global ecosystem.

The Yeh Lab studies the apicoplast, a unique plastid organelle in Plasmodium falciparum parasites that cause malaria. We are particularly focused on unbiased chemical and genetic screens to discover new cell biology and therapeutic targets for this important global health disease. Our work highlights the untapped opportunities in exploring divergent biology in non-model organisms, a theme we plan to expand in the lab by studying ocean algae (malaria's cousins!) and their role in the global ecosystem.

Environmental microbiology (e.g. diatoms, algae) and synthetic biology

Topics: Nitrogen fixation, lipid biosynthesis and transprot, cellular endosymbiosis, nonmodel organisms

Application areas: Fertilizers, Biofuels

Alzheimer's disease pathology begins decades before clinical symptoms of dementia are present, providing an important opportunity to understand early disease and the impact of this disease on cognitive aging.  We combine multimodal neuroimaging and genetics to determine how AD changes and risk factors influence subtle cognitive decline in older individuals. We have a particular focus on PET imaging of Amyloid and Tau proteins, but also work with structural and functional MRI data. The ultimate goals of our work are to improve our ability to predict who is most at risk for dementia, and to understand the time course of brain changes that occur decades before clinical symptoms are present.  We are specifically recruiting trainees with expertise in genetics, neuroimaging, or neuropsychology, to work on large scale multimodal imaging-genetic studies.

Malaria is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in the world. The etiologic agent of severe malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, exclusively infects red blood cells during the blood stage of its life cycle, when all of the symptoms of malaria occur. P. falciparum is an obligate intracellular parasite, suggesting that it critically depends on host factors for its biology and pathogenesis. This concept is also supported by population genetic studies, which indicate that humans have evolved certain red cell traits, such as hemoglobinopathies, to protect against malaria. The importance of these host-pathogen interactions raises the possibility that critical red cell factors could serve as targets for new, host-directed therapeutics for malaria. However, our understanding of host determinants for malaria is limited because red cells are enucleated and lack DNA, hindering genetic manipulation. In the Egan laboratory we have surmounted this hurdle by adapting advances from stem cell biology to the study of malaria host factors. Specifically, we have developed approaches to differentiate primary human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells down the erythroid lineage to enucleated red blood cells that can be infected by P. falciparum. This thus gives us access to the nucleated progenitor cells for genetic modification using RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. We are using these methods to develop forward genetic screens to identify novel host factors for malaria, as well as to perform mechanistic studies to understand the specific functions of critical host factors during the developmental cycle of malaria parasites. In addition, the lab has projects focused on understanding human adaptation to malaria using clinical samples. Our long term goal is to explore the possibility of host-directed therapeutics for malaria.

Our team’s research spans the fields of dermatology, technology and public health. One of our main projects is centered on developing innovative skin cancer prevention interventions using social media. Another project area is the use of shared decision-making, mobile app technology for monitoring and optimal care of low risk skin cancers. We collaborate closely with colleagues in bioinformatics and computer science on use of visual Artificial intelligence methods to skin image monitoring. Additionally, we advocate for diversity and gender equity in medicine by writing both original data articles and perspective pieces on these topics. We collaborate with epidemiologists, clinicians, biostatisticians, basic, computer and social scientists at Stanford University as well as other institutions.

One of the key ways that the gut microbiome impacts human health is through the production of bioactive metabolites. By understanding how microbes produce these molecules, we aim to develop new approaches to promote human health and treat disease. Our laboratory employs bacterial genetics, metabolomics, and gnotobiotic mouse colonization to uncover the chemistry that underlies host-microbe interactions in the gut.

The overall goal of my research program is to understand how stem cell-like populations are created and maintained in the context of an intact and environmental responsive tissue.  We use the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage for these studies as this epidermal cell lineage distills many of the features common to all tissue development: stomatal precursor cells are chosen from an initially equivalent field, they undergo asymmetric and self-renewing divisions, they communicate among themselves to establish pattern and they terminally differentiate into stable, physiologically important cell-types.  In the past decade, we have developed the stomatal lineage into a conceptual and technical framework for the study of cell fate, stem-cell self-renewal and cell polarity. Currently, we are especially interested in: (1) using new single-cell technologies to capture transcriptomic and chromatin state information about cells as they transit through various identities (stem cell-like, committed, differentiated, and reprogrammed); (2) using new ‘in vivo biochemical’ approaches to identify plant-specific cell polarity complexes and how these guide changes in cell shape, size and fate; (3) computational modeling of pattern formation in the epidermis, and (4) testing how environmental information impacts developmental choices and robustness.

I am a Professor of Medicine-Oncology and Pathology and the Director of TRAM, ARTS and CTNT Programs.

My laboratory studies how oncogenes such as MYC initiate and maintain cancer.  In partic ular we have shown that shutting down oncogenes even for a brief time can revese cancer or elicit "Oncogene Addiction"  For a recent review of our work please see:

The MYC oncogene - the grand orchestrator of cancer growth and immune evasion Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, 2022

Members of my laboratory are studying basic mechanisms of Oncogene Addiction, the role of Self-renewal/Stemness, Metabolism, Host Immune System, Protein 
Biogenesis, Microbiome, Extracellular Vesicles.  

We are developing novel therapuetics using small molecules, nanoparticles, proteins/peptides that can be used to target oncogenes and/or restore the immune response against cancer.

We are developing new diagnostic and imaging agents using PET, Mass Spec, Nanoproteomics, MIcrofluidics.

For recent examples of our work please see: Casey et al, Science, 2016; Gouw et al, Cell Metabolism, 2019; Dhanasekaran et al eLife, 2020; Swaminathan et al, Nat Comm 2020.

The primary research focus of the Relman Lab is the human indigenous microbiota (microbiome), and in particular, the nature and mechanisms of variation in patterns of microbial diversity within the human body as a function of time (microbial succession), space (biogeography within the host landscape), and in response to perturbation, e.g., antibiotics (community robustness and resilience). One of the goals of this work is to define the role of the human microbiome in health and disease. We are particularly interested in measuring and understanding resilience in the human microbial ecosystem. Our work includes the human oral cavity, gut, and female reproductive tract, as well as an analysis of microbial diversity in marine mammals. This research integrates theory and methods from ecology, population biology, environmental microbiology, genomics and clinical medicine.

Although the genomes of many organisms have now been sequenced, we still know relatively little about the specific DNA sequence changes that underlie important traits and diseases. My laboratory has developed an innovative combination of genetic and genomic approaches to identify the detailed molecular mechanisms that control key vertebrate traits. We use genetic crosses in mice, stickleback fish, and pluripotent stem cells to identify key chromosome regions controlling phenotypic traits. We use comparative genomics and  gene expression analysis in different populations, species, and hybrids to identify particular genomic changes with these key regions.  And we use transgenic and genome editing approaches to test the phenotypic effect of specific genomic changes, thus providing a direct functional link  between DNA sequence changes and classic phenotypes.  By combining genetics and genomics we have been able to identify the detailed molecular basis of major changes in skeletal structures, limb development, pigmentation, and neural functions across a range of populations and species.  We are currently extending these approaches to genetic and genomic mapping of human traits and diseases using experiments with chimp and human stem cells.    We are still a long way from knowing the genomic mechanisms that have made us human. However, we believe that molecular mechanisms contributing to human  traits can now be studied, and that progress in this area will lead to important new insights into both human health and human disease.

The Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics (SCBE) is an interdisciplinary hub for faculty who do research, teaching, and service on topics in bioethics and medical humanities. SCBE researchers have pioneered new approaches to studying the ethical issues presented by new technologies in biomedicine, including Artificial Intelligence, CRISPR and Gene Therapy, Stem Cell Research, Synthetic Biology, and the Human Brain Initiative. To benefit patients, SCBE has undertaken novel, ground-breaking research to improve clinical care, including end of life care, communication between patients and physicians, care for disabled patients, and organ transplantation processes. SCBE offers postdoctoral fellowships in Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) Research and Clinical Ethics. We currently have an opening for a postdoctoral fellow in Clinical Ethics. View more information here.